IGF-1 LR3¶
IGF-1 LR3 (Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Long R3, CAS 67763-96-6) is an 83-amino acid recombinant analog of human IGF-1 with a molecular weight of approximately 7,649 Da and formula C₃₃₁H₅₁₂N₉₄O₁₀₁S₇. The LR3 designation refers to a Glu³→Arg substitution and a 13-amino acid N-terminal extension peptide, modifications that dramatically reduce IGF binding protein (IGFBP) affinity while preserving IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) potency. This engineered IGF-1 variant is a key research tool for studying receptor-mediated anabolic signaling independent of IGFBP sequestration.
Technical Specifications¶
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 67763-96-6 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃₃₁H₅₁₂N₉₄O₁₀₁S₇ |
| Molecular Weight | ~7,649 Da |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC-verified) |
| Appearance | Lyophilized white powder |
| Solubility | Soluble in dilute acetic acid or aqueous buffers |
| Storage | -20°C (lyophilized), 2–8°C (reconstituted) |
Mechanism of Action¶
IGF-1 LR3 binds to the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), a heterotetrameric (α₂β₂) receptor tyrosine kinase, with a binding affinity comparable to native IGF-1. Receptor activation triggers autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the β-subunit kinase domain, recruiting IRS-1 adaptor proteins and activating two major downstream pathways: PI3K/Akt/mTOR, which drives protein synthesis, glucose uptake, and cell survival; and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, which promotes cell proliferation and differentiation. The critical advantage of the LR3 modification lies in its 100- to 1,000-fold reduced affinity for IGFBPs (particularly IGFBP-3, which normally sequesters >99% of circulating IGF-1). By evading IGFBP binding, IGF-1 LR3 achieves dramatically increased bioavailability and a prolonged half-life in culture and in vivo, allowing sustained IGF-1R engagement. Additionally, IGF-1 LR3 retains moderate cross-reactivity with the insulin receptor (IR), particularly the IR-A isoform, contributing to its metabolic effects on glucose transport.
Research Applications¶
- Primary: IGF-1 receptor signaling — PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, protein synthesis, muscle hypertrophy
- Secondary: Cell proliferation and differentiation, glucose transport and metabolism, IGFBP biology (comparative studies with native IGF-1)
- Model Systems: In vitro (L6 myoblasts, C2C12 myotubes, 3T3-L1 adipocytes), in vivo (growth and body composition models, muscle regeneration studies)
Quality Control & Analytical Methods¶
- HPLC: ≥99% purity verification at 214/220 nm (C18 reversed-phase column)
- Mass Spectrometry: ESI-MS for molecular weight confirmation (~7,649 Da)
- Peptide Content: Amino acid analysis (AAA) for net peptide content determination
- Endotoxin: <1 EU/mg (LAL assay)
- TFA Content: <1% (ion chromatography)
Stability & Storage¶
| Condition | Stability |
|---|---|
| -20°C (lyophilized) | 24 months |
| 4°C (lyophilized) | 6 months |
| 25°C (lyophilized) | 1 month |
| Reconstituted (4°C) | 7 days |
| Reconstituted (-20°C) | 30 days |
Key Research References¶
- Tomas et al. (1998) — Long R3 IGF-I: a variant with enhanced anabolic potency due to reduced IGFBP binding. Biochem J. PMID: 9445384
- Clemmons (2007) — Modifying IGF1 activity: an approach to improve anabolic outcomes. J Mol Endocrinol. PMID: 17183215
- Adams (2002) — Autocrine and/or paracrine insulin-like growth factor-I activity in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. PMID: 12235021
Source & Purchase¶
For researchers requiring research-grade IGF 1 with full analytical documentation including HPLC, LC-MS, and Certificate of Analysis, visit the HK Peptides product page for specifications, bulk pricing, and ordering.
Related Molecules¶
- HGH — Upstream GH/IGF-1 axis regulator
- MGF — Mechano growth factor, IGF-1 splice variant
- PEG-MGF — PEGylated mechano growth factor
- All Product Specifications
FAQ¶
Q: What purity level is standard for IGF-1 LR3? A: HK Peptides supplies IGF-1 LR3 at ≥99% purity by HPLC with full COA documentation.
Q: How should IGF-1 LR3 be stored for research use? A: Lyophilized IGF-1 LR3 should be stored at -20°C. Reconstituted solutions at 4°C for short-term use (up to 7 days). Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.