AOD-9604¶
AOD-9604 (CAS 221231-10-3) is a synthetic 15-amino acid peptide corresponding to the C-terminal fragment (amino acids 177–191) of human growth hormone (hGH), with a molecular weight of approximately 1,815 Da. This lipolytic peptide retains the fat-mobilizing properties of full-length hGH while lacking the growth-promoting and diabetogenic activities associated with intact growth hormone. AOD-9604 is a research tool for investigating targeted lipolytic mechanisms independent of the GH/IGF-1 axis.
Technical Specifications¶
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 221231-10-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₇₈H₁₂₃N₂₃O₂₃S₂ |
| Molecular Weight | ~1,815 Da |
| Purity | ≥98% (HPLC-verified) |
| Appearance | Lyophilized white powder |
| Solubility | Soluble in aqueous buffers and sterile water |
| Storage | -20°C (lyophilized), 2–8°C (reconstituted) |
Mechanism of Action¶
AOD-9604 exerts its lipolytic effects through direct interaction with the β₃-adrenergic receptor on adipocytes, mimicking a key functional domain of the intact hGH molecule. Unlike full-length hGH, which signals through the growth hormone receptor (GHR) to activate JAK2/STAT5, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt pathways, AOD-9604 bypasses GHR engagement and selectively stimulates lipolysis via cAMP/PKA-dependent hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activation in adipose tissue. Critically, this hGH fragment does not induce IGF-1 secretion, hyperinsulinemia, or insulin resistance — key limitations of full-length hGH in metabolic research. The peptide promotes the release of free fatty acids from triglyceride stores without affecting glucose homeostasis, making it a mechanistically clean tool for studying fat mobilization independently of somatotropic signaling.
Research Applications¶
- Primary: Lipolysis research — adipocyte fatty acid mobilization, triglyceride metabolism
- Secondary: Obesity pharmacology, adipose tissue biology, metabolic rate and energy expenditure studies
- Model Systems: In vitro (3T3-L1 adipocytes, primary adipocyte cultures), in vivo rodent models (ob/ob mice, diet-induced obesity)
Quality Control & Analytical Methods¶
- HPLC: ≥98% purity verification at 214/220 nm (C18 reversed-phase column)
- Mass Spectrometry: ESI-MS for molecular weight confirmation (~1,815 Da)
- Peptide Content: Amino acid analysis (AAA) for net peptide content determination
- Endotoxin: <1 EU/mg (LAL assay)
- TFA Content: <1% (ion chromatography)
Stability & Storage¶
| Condition | Stability |
|---|---|
| -20°C (lyophilized) | 24 months |
| 4°C (lyophilized) | 6 months |
| 25°C (lyophilized) | 1 month |
| Reconstituted (4°C) | 7 days |
| Reconstituted (-20°C) | 30 days |
Key Research References¶
- Ng & Heffernan (2003) — AOD9604, a synthetic peptide fragment of hGH, reverses obesity in diet-induced obese mice. Int J Obes. PMID: 12698957
- Ng et al. (2001) — The metabolic effects of human growth hormone fragment (hGH 177–191) in obese subjects. Diabetes Obes Metab. PMID: 12216343
- Stier et al. (2013) — Human growth hormone fragment (AOD9604) on weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Obes Wt Loss Ther. [PubMed search: AOD-9604 lipolysis]
Source & Purchase¶
For researchers requiring research-grade AOD 9604 with full analytical documentation including HPLC, LC-MS, and Certificate of Analysis, visit the HK Peptides product page for specifications, bulk pricing, and ordering.
Related Molecules¶
- Tesamorelin — GHRH analog
- HGH — Recombinant human growth hormone
- MOTS-c — Mitochondrial-derived metabolic peptide
- All Product Specifications
FAQ¶
Q: What purity level is standard for AOD-9604? A: HK Peptides supplies AOD-9604 at ≥98% purity by HPLC with full COA documentation.
Q: How should AOD-9604 be stored for research use? A: Lyophilized AOD-9604 should be stored at -20°C. Reconstituted solutions at 4°C for short-term use (up to 7 days).